EXPERIMENT-4

AIM
To study the following properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid):

1. Odour
2. Solubility in water
3. Effect on litmus
4. Reaction with sodium bicarbonate

MATERIALS REQUIRED
Acetic acid, litmus paper, sodium bicarbonate, test tubes, water, test tube stand, lime water.

THEORY

1. Acetic acid is an organic acid and its 5-8% solution is called vinegar.
2. It is a weak acid. It ionises partially.
   
3. It turns blue litmus red.
4. It is highly soluble in water.
5. It reacts with sodium bicarbonate to liberate CO2 which turns lime water milky and the milkiness disappears if excess of CO2 is passed through the solution.
   

PROCEDURE, OBSERVATIONS AND INFERENCE

RESULT

1. Acetic acid/ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) has a pungent smell like vinegar.
2. Acetic acid is miscible in water in all proportions i.e. acetic acid and water form a true solution.
3. Acetic acid is acidic in nature as it turns blue litmus red.
4. On reaction with sodium bicarbonate, CO2 gas is liberated.

PRECAUTIONS

1. Do not inhale vapours of pure acetic acid directly.
2. Keep the mouth of the test tube away from you and your classmates.
3. Freshly prepared lime water should be used.